arXiv:2610.19354v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this work, we develop a novel hybrid Schwarz method, termed as edge multiscale space based hybrid Schwarz (EMs-HS), for solving the Helmholtz problem with large wavenumbers. The problem is discretized using $H^1$-conforming nodal finite element methods on meshes of size $h$ decreasing faster than $k^{-3/2}$ such that the discretization error can be bounded by the data uniformly with respect to $k$. EMs-HS consists of a one-level Schwarz preconditioner (RAS-imp) and a coarse solver in a multiplicative way. The RAS-imp preconditioner solves local problems on overlapping subdomains with impedance boundary conditions in parallel, and combines the local solutions using partition of unity. On the PDE level, this coarse space corresponds to an edge multiscale space proposed in {[S. Fu, G. Li, R. Craster, and S. Guenneau, \emph{Multiscale Model. Simul.}, 19(4):1684-1709, 2021]}. The approximation properties of this coarse space to the discrete solutions from the primal and adjoint problems are derived by a novel conforming Galerkin finite element method based upon a nonstandard variational formulation. This work represents the first theoretical analysis of an edge multiscale space at the discrete level. We prove that the EMs-HS preconditioner leads to a convergent fixed-point iteration uniformly for large wavenumbers, by rigorously analyzing the approximation properties of the coarse space to the global Helmholtz harmonic extension part and to the solution of the adjoint problem. We provide extensive numerical results on the sharpness of the theoretical findings and also demonstrate the method on challenging heterogeneous models.