I started checking my tap water after noticing a faint taste change. A simple pH pen turned out to be the easiest first step. Here's what I do:

  1. Calibrate first. Use pH 7.00 buffer, then 4.00 if your meter supports two-point calibration. Skipping this is the most common reason for odd readings.
  2. Rinse the probe with distilled water, then dip it in a clean glass of tap water.
  3. Wait for the reading to settle, usually 10 to 30 seconds.
  4. Read it in context. UK drinking water usually falls between 6.5 and 9.5. A reading outside that range is worth re-testing, and worth raising with your water supplier.
  5. Store the probe moist in storage solution, never dry or in distilled water.

If you're comparing water before and after a filter, test both at the same temperature, because pH readings drift with temperature.

I wrote up more on choosing and using pH meters and home water filters at yinmik.co.uk.