arXiv:2608.13842v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: PLEASE CHECK AND REFER TO THE PUBLISHED VERSION OF THIS PAPER ON https://doi.org/10.5334/tismir.357 This paper presents the MPB Corpus, a dataset of Brazilian Popular Music (Musica Popular Brasileira, MPB) comprising derived symbolic annotations for 500 pieces across four musical parameters -- melodic contour, melodic rhythm, harmony, and the melody-harmony relationship -- making it the most comprehensive dataset to date for computational musicology of Brazilian music. It is released under a CC-BY-4.0 license in an open, machine-readable tabular format, with documentation and reproducible analysis code. Because the annotations were derived from copyrighted musical scores, the corpus contains no audio recordings or score-level representations such as MIDI or MusicXML; it nonetheless provides a reusable resource for MIR research on a culturally significant repertoire that remains underrepresented in existing datasets. To support the encoding process, we introduce analytical models for capturing rhythmic and melodic information, along with tailored visualizations and summary metrics. Finally, we present a brief exploratory analysis illustrating the dataset's potential for formulating and addressing musicological questions about the genre.